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| GPI Heavy-Duty products are designed in accordance with current AASHTO specifications for H-10 through H-20 loads. Automobile and forklift loads are similarly evaluated with loads calculated and distributed in accordance with the criteria shown below. If your particular load conditions are not adequately addressed in the load criteria presented, please contact our engineering staff and we will be pleased to assist in the selection of a heavy-duty grating to satisfy your specific needs. |
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| STANDARD CROSS BARS |
Optional: RECTANGULAR CROSS BARS |
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| BEARING BAR SELECTION |
Once the bar spacing is selected, the bearing bar size must be specified based upon the anticipated load and the clear (unsupported) span to be served. The Heavy Duty Grating Load Tables provide the maximum safe clear simple span for our most popular products based on the maximum traffic conditions defined. These tables incorporate strict limitations where design deflection shall not exceed the lesser of L/400 of the safe span indicated or 1/8 of one inch (.125). |
| MAXIMUM TRAFFIC CONDITIONS | WHEEL LOAD (LBS.) (1/2 OF AXLE LOAD + 30% IMPACT) |
LOAD DISTRIBUTION | |||
| PARALLEL WITH AXLE |
PERPENDICULAR TO AXLE |
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20,800 | 2 (C) + 20" * |
20" | ||
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10,400 | 2 (C) + 10" * |
10" | ||
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15,600 | 2 (C) + 15" * |
15" | ||
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2,220 | 2 (C) + 8" * |
8" | ||
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13,480 | 2 (C) + 11" * |
11" | ||
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8,730 | 2 (C) + 7" * |
7" | ||
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3,425 | 2 (C) + 4" * |
4" | ||
| *C= | CENTER TO CENTER SPACING | ALLOWABLE STRESS | - 20,000 PSI |
| OF BEARING BARS | MODULUS OF ELASTICITY | - 29,000,000 PSI |
| CROSS BAR SELECTION |
| While bearing bar selection is critical for specifying a proper heavy-duty grating for your application, the life-cycle of your installation will often be influenced by selection of the appropriate cross bar. The table below details alternative cross bar sizes available. The sizes listed for Standard Loads are the standard twisted square or round cross bars supplied by Grating Pacific for a particular bearing bar size. These sizes have been selected to maximize manufacturing efficiency and economy. It is suggested that these sizes be specified when the grating is subject to intermittent traffic and only occasional full capacity loading. |
| The cross bars listed for Severe Loading are optional and will provide superior rigidity and durability when gratings are subjected to intense, continuous or repetitious traffic. Ideal for trench covers, highways and inlet grates, these cross bars enhance lateral stiffness thereby extending the service life of the grating. When specifying gratings with bearing bars centered at 1-3/8", 1-7/8" or 2-3/8", consideration of Severe Loading cross bars is highly recommended. |
NOTE: IN THE EVENT THAT A CROSS BAR SIZE IS NOT SPECIFIED, THE CROSS BAR SHALL BE SELECTED AT THE DISCRETION OF THE MANUFACTURER. |
| CROSS BAR SELECTION TABLE | |||||
| BEARING BAR SIZE | BB CENTERS 15/16", 1-3/16" and 1-3/8" | BB CENTERS 1-7/8" and 2-3/8" | |||
| THICKNESS | DEPTH | STANDARD LOADS | SEVERE LOADS | STANDARD LOADS | SEVERE LOADS |
| 1/4" 5/16" 3/8" 1/4" 5/16" - 1/2" 1/4" 5/16" - 1/2" |
1" - 2-1/2" 1" - 2-1/2" 1" - 2-1/2" 3" - 5" 3" - 5" 5-1/2" - 7" 5-1/2" - 7" |
5/16" Twisted 5/16" Twisted 5/16" Twisted 5/16" Twisted 3/8" Round 3/8" Round 3/8" Round |
5/16" Twisted 5/16" Twisted 5/16" Twisted 1 x 1/4 1 x 3/8 1-1/4 x 1/4 1-1/4 x 3/8 |
5/16" Twisted 5/16" Twisted 5/16" Twisted 3/8" Round 7/16" Round 7/16" Round 7/16" Round |
5/16" Twisted 5/16" Twisted 5/16" Twisted 1 x 1/4 1 x 3/8 1-1/4 x 1/4 1-1/4 x 3/8 |
| THE SIZES SHOWN ABOVE ARE LISTED AS MINIMUMS, TWISTED AND ROUND CROSS BARS ARE TYPICALLY INTERCHANGEABLE AND, UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, MAY BE SUBSTITUTED AT THE DISCRETION OF THE MANUFACTURER. IN SUBSTITUTION, THE CROSS SECTIONAL AREA OF THE ALTERNATIVE CROSS BAR SHALL EQUAL OR EXCEED THAT OF THE MINIMUM SIZE LISTED ABOVE. |
| BANDING |
Because heavy-duty gratings are commonly subjected to shock and impact loads it is highly recommended that all open ends be banded. The welded band bar helps distribute impact loads and minimizes panel distortion when subjected to repetitious traffic patterns. Banding details can be found if you click here. |
| SERRATED SURFACE |
| Optional serrated bearing bars can be specified to enhance skid resistance. To maximize skid resistance, specify 100% Serrated grating. This heavy-duty grating is manufactured with serrated bearing bars and serrated rectangular cross bars. |
| HOW TO SPECIFY HEAVY DUTY GRATING |
| Heavy-Duty Welded Steel Grating shall be as manufactured by Grating Pacific, 3651 Sausalito Street, Los Alamitos, CA 90720, (800) 321-4314. Grating shall be type W-22-4 with 3-1/2" X 3/8" bearing bars spaced at 4 inches on the center. Weight per square foot 42.3 lbs. Heavy-Duty Grating shall be capable of carrying a H-20 load on a 4'-10" clear span. Open ends of grating shall be banded. Heavy-Duty Grating shall be GALVANIZED after fabrication. |
| LOAD TABLE: TYPE W-15-4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| BEARING
BAR SIZE |
WEIGHT
LBS. PER SQ. FT. |
SECTION
MOD. PER FT. OF WIDTH |
CROSS
BAR SIZE |
H-20 TRUCK | H-15 TRUCK | H-10 TRUCK | AUTO TRAFFIC | 5 TON FORKLIFT | 3 TON FORKLIFT | 1 TON FORKLIFT |
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| MAXIMUM SAFE SPAN | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 x 1/4 |
12.4 15.2 18.1 15.3 18.5 22.3 18.1 22.4 26.6 21.0 25.9 30.9 23.8 29.5 35.1 26.7 33.0 39.4 29.5 36.6 43.7 35.2 43.9 52.3 40.9 51.0 60.8 46.7 58.1 69.4 |
0.533 0.667 0.800 0.833 1.042 1.250 1.200 1.500 1.800 1.633 2.042 2.450 2.133 2.667 3.200 2.700 3.375 4.050 3.333 4.167 5.000 4.800 6.000 7.200 6.533 8.167 9.800 8.533 10.667 12.800 |
SEE
|
1'-1" 1'-2" 1'-3" 1'-3" 1'-5" 1'-6" 1'-6" 1'-8" 1'-10" 1'-9" 2'-0" 2'-3" 2'-0" 2'-4" 2'-8" 2'-4" 2'-9" 3'-2" 2'-9" 3'-3" 3'-9" 3'-7" 4'-4" 4'-7" 4'-7" 5'-1" 5'-4" 5'-4" 5'-9" 6'-2" |
0'-11" 1'-0" 1'-1" 1'-1" 1'-3" 1'-4" 1'-4" 1'-6" 1'-8" 1'-7" 1'-10" 2'-1" 1'-10" 2'-2" 2'-6" 2'-2" 2'-7" 3'-0" 2'-7" 3'-1" 3'-7" 3'-6" 4'-2" 4'-8" 4'-6" 5'-1" 5'-5" 5'-5" 5'-10" 6'-2" |
0'-9" 0'-10" 0'-11" 0'-11" 1'-0" 1'-2" 1'-2" 1'-4" 1'-6" 1'-5" 1'-8" 1'-11" 1'-9" 2'-1" 2'-5" 2'-1" 2'-6" 2'-11" 2'-6" 3'-0" 3'-7" 3'-5" 4'-2" 4'-8" 4'-6" 5'-2" 5'-6" 5'-5" 5'-11" 6'-3" |
1'-7" 1'-10" 1'-11" 2'-2" 2'-5" 2'-8" 2'-10" 3'-2" 3'-6" 3'-7" 4'-0" 4'-3" 4'-3" 4'-7" 4'-11" 4'-10" 5'-2" 5'-6" 5'-4" 5'-9" 6'-2" 6'-5" 6'-11" 7'-4" 7'-6" 8'-1" 8'-7" 8'-7" 9'-3" 9'-8" |
0'-8" 0'-9" 0'-10" 0'-10" 1'-0" 1'-1" 1'-1" 1'-3" 1'-4" 1'-3" 1'-6" 1'-9" 1'-7" 1'-10" 2'-1" 1'-10" 2'-2" 2'-7" 2'-2" 2'-8" 3'-1" 3'-0" 3'-7" 4'-3" 3'-11" 4'-9" 5'-2" 4'-11" 5'-6" 5'-11" |
0'-7" 0'-8" 0'-8" 0'-9" 0'-10" 0'-11" 0'-11" 1'-1" 1'-3" 1'-2" 1'-5" 1'-8" 1'-5" 1'-9" 2'-1" 1'-9" 2'-2" 2'-6" 2'-2" 2'-7" 3'-1" 3'-0" 3'-8" 4'-4" 3'-11" 4'-10" 5'-3" 5'-1" 5'-8" 6'-0" |
0'-8" 0'-9" 0'-11" 0'-11" 1'-1" 1'-4" 1'-3" 1'-7" 1'-10" 1'-8" 2'-1" 2'-6" 2'-2" 2'-8" 3'-2" 2'-8" 3'-4" 4'-0" 3'-4" 4'-1" 4'-5" 4'-8" 5'-0" 5'-4" 5'-5" 5'-10" 6'-3" 6'-3" 6'-9" 7'-2" |
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| LOAD TABLE: TYPE W-19-4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| BEARING
BAR SIZE |
WEIGHT
LBS. PER SQ. FT. |
SECTION
MOD. PER FT. OF WIDTH |
CROSS
BAR SIZE |
H-20 TRUCK | H-15 TRUCK | H-10 TRUCK | AUTO TRAFFIC | 5 TON FORKLIFT | 3 TON FORKLIFT | 1 TON FORKLIFT |
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| MAXIMUM SAFE SPAN | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 x 1/4 |
10.1 12.3 14.6 12.3 15.1 17.9 14.6 18.0 21.3 16.9 20.8 24.7 19.1 23.6 28.2 21.4 26.5 31.5 23.7 29.3 34.9 28.2 35.1 41.8 32.8 40.7 48.6 37.3 46.4 55.4 46.4 68.9 91.3 55.6 82.5 109.3 64.6 96.0 127.3 |
0.421 0.526 0.632 0.658 0.822 0.987 0.947 1.184 1.421 1.289 1.612 1.934 1.684 2.105 2.526 2.131 2.664 3.197 2.631 3.289 3.947 3.789 4.736 5.684 5.157 6.447 7.736 6.736 8.420 11.104 10.525 15.788 21.050 15.156 22.734 30.312 20.629 30.944 41.258 |
SEE
|
1'-1" 1'-1" 1'-2" 1'-2" 1'-3" 1'-5" 1'-4" 1'-6" 1'-8" 1'-7" 1'-9" 1'-11" 1'-10" 2'-1" 2'-4" 2'-1" 2'-5" 2'-8" 2'-4" 2'-9" 3'-2" 3'-1" 3'-7" 4'-2" 3'-10" 4'-8" 5'-0" 4'-10" 5'-5" 5'-9" 6'-3" 7'-1" 7'-10" 7'-6" 8'-6" 9'-5" 8'-8" 9'-11" 10'-11" |
0'-10" 0'-11" 1'-0" 1'-0" 1'-1" 1'-2" 1'-2" 1'-4" 1'-6" 1'-5" 1'-7" 1'-9" 1'-8" 1'-11" 2'-2" 1'-11" 2'-3" 2'-7" 2'-3" 2'-7" 3'-0" 2'-11" 3'-6" 4'-1" 3'-9" 4'-7" 5'-0" 4'-9" 5'-5" 5'-9" 6'-3" 7'-2" 7'-11" 7'-6" 8'-7" 9'-6" 8'-9" 10'-0" 11'-1" |
0'-8" 0'-9" 0'-10" 0'-10" 1'-11" 1'-0" 1'-0" 1'-2" 1'-4" 1'-3" 1'-5" 1'-8" 1'-6" 1'-9" 2'-1" 1'-9" 2'-2" 2'-6" 2'-1" 2'-7" 3'-0" 2'-11" 3'-6" 4'-2" 3'-9" 4'-8" 5'-1" 4'-8" 5'-6" 5'-10" 6'-5" 7'-4" 8'-1" 7'-8" 8'-9" 9'-8" 8'-11" 10'-3" 11'-3" |
1'-5" 1'-7" 1'-9" 2'-0" 2'-3" 2'-5" 2'-7" 2'-11" 3'-2" 3'-3" 3'-8" 4'-0" 4'-0" 4'-4" 4'-7" 4'-6" 4'-11" 5'-2" 5'-0" 5'-5" 5'-9" 6'-0" 6'-6" 6'-11" 7'-1" 7'-7" 8'-1" 8'-1" 8'-8" 9'-5" 10'-1" 11'-7" 12'-9" 12'-1" 13'-10" 15'-3" 14'-2" 16'-2" 17'-10" |
0'-8" 0'-8" 0'-9" 0'-9" 1'-10" 1'-0" 0'-11" 1'-1" 1'-2" 1'-2" 1'-4" 1'-6" 1'-4" 1'-7" 1'-10" 1'-7" 1'-11" 2'-2" 1'-10" 2'-3" 2'-7" 2'-6" 3'-0" 3'-7" 3'-3" 4'-0" 4'-8" 4'-2" 5'-1" 5'-6" 6'-0" 6'-11" 7'-7" 7'-3" 8'-3" 9'-1" 9'-5" 9'-8" 10'-7" |
0'-6" 0'-7" 0'-8" 0'-8" 0'-9" 0'-10" 0'-10" 0'-11" 1'-1" 1'-0" 1'-3" 1'-5" 1'-3" 1'-6" 1'-7" 1'-6" 1'-10" 2'-2" 1'-10" 2'-3" 2'-7" 2'-6" 3'-1" 3'-8" 3'-4" 4'-1" 4'-10" 4'-3" 5'-3" 5'-8" 6'-2" 7'-1" 7'-9" 7'-5" 8'-6" 9'-4" 8'-8" 9'-11" 10'-11" |
0'-7" 0'-8" 0'-9" 0'-10" 1'-0" 1'-2" 1'-1" 1'-4" 1'-7" 1'-6" 1'-10" 2'-2" 1'-10" 2'-4" 2'-9" 2'-4" 2'-11" 3'-5" 2'-10" 3'-6" 4'-2" 4'-1" 4'-9" 5'-1" 5'-2" 5'-7" 5'-11" 5'-11" 6'-5" 6'-9" 7'-5" 8'-6" 9'-4" 8'-11" 10'-2" 11'-3" 10'-5" 11'-11" 13'-1" |
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| LOAD TABLE: TYPE W-22-4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| BEARING
BAR SIZE |
WEIGHT
LBS. PER SQ. FT. |
SECTION
MOD. PER FT. OF WIDTH |
CROSS
BAR SIZE |
H-20 TRUCK | H-15 TRUCK | H-10 TRUCK | AUTO TRAFFIC | 5 TON FORKLIFT | 3 TON FORKLIFT | 1 TON FORKLIFT |
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| MAXIMUM SAFE SPAN | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 x 1/4 |
8.9 10.8 12.8 10.8 13.3 15.7 12.8 15.7 18.7 14.8 18.2 21.6 16.7 20.6 24.5 18.7 23.1 27.5 20.7 25.6 30.4 24.6 30.6 36.4 28.6 35.5 42.3 32.5 40.4 48.2 40.4 60.0 79.3 48.4 71.8 95.0 56.3 83.5 110.6 |
0.364 0.455 0.545 0.568 0.710 0.852 0.818 1.023 1.227 1.114 1.392 1.670 1.455 1.818 2.182 1.841 2.301 2.761 2.273 2.841 3.409 3.273 4.091 4.909 4.455 5.568 6.682 5.818 7.273 8.727 9.091 13.636 18.182 13.091 19.636 26.182 17.818 26.727 36.636 |
SEE
|
1'-0" 1'-1" 1'-1" 1'-2" 1'-3" 1'-4" 1'-3" 1'-5" 1'-6" 1'-6" 1'-8" 1'-10" 1'-8" 1'-11" 2'-1" 1'-11" 2'-2" 2'-6" 2'-2" 2'-6" 2'-10" 2'-9" 3'-3" 3'-9" 3'-6" 4'-2" 4'-10" 4'-4" 5'-2" 5'-6" 6'-0" 6'-10" 7'-6" 7'-2" 8'-2" 9'-0" 9'-4" 9'-6" 10'-6" |
0'-10" 0'-10" 0'-11" 0'-11" 1'-0" 1'-1" 1'-1" 1'-3" 1'-4" 1'-3" 1'-6" 1'-8" 1'-6" 1'-9" 2'-0" 1'-9" 2'-0" 2'-4" 2'-0" 2'-5" 2'-9" 2'-8" 3'-2" 3'-8" 3'-5" 4'-1" 4'-10" 4'-3" 5'-2" 5'-6" 6'-0" 6'-11" 7'-7" 7'-3" 8'-3" 9'-1" 9'-5" 9'-8" 10'-7" |
0'-7" 0'-8" 0'-9" 0'-9" 1'-10" 1'-0" 0'-11" 1'-1" 1'-3" 1'-2" 1'-4" 1'-6" 1'-4" 1'-7" 1'-10" 1'-8" 1'-11" 2'-3" 1'-11" 2'-4" 2'-8" 2'-7" 3'-2" 3'-9" 3'-5" 4'-2" 4'-11" 4'-4" 5'-4" 5'-8" 6'-2" 7'-0" 7'-9" 7'-5" 8'-5" 9'-4" 9'-7" 9'-10" 10'-10" |
1'-3" 1'-6" 1'-8" 1'-10" 2'-1" 2'-3" 2'-5" 2'-9" 3'-0" 3'-1" 3'-5" 3'-9" 3'-11" 4'-2" 4'-5" 4'-4" 4'-8" 5'-0" 4'-10" 5'-3" 5'-7" 5'-10" 6'-3" 6'-8" 6'-10" 7'-4" 7'-9" 7'-9" 8'-4" 8'-11" 9'-9" 11'-2" 12'-3" 11'-8" 13'-4" 14'-8" 13'-7" 15'-7" 17'-2" |
0'-7" 0'-8" 0'-9" 0'-9" 0'-10" 0'-11" 0'-11" 1'-0" 1'-1" 1'-1" 1'-3" 1'-4" 1'-3" 1'-5" 1'-8" 1'-6" 1'-9" 2'-0" 1'-8" 2'-0" 2'-4" 2'-3" 2'-9" 3'-2" 2'-11" 3'-9" 4'-2" 3'-9" 4'-6" 5'-4" 5'-7" 6'-7" 7'-3" 6'-11" 7'-11" 8'-9" 8'-1" 9'-3" 10'-2" |
0'-6" 0'-6" 0'-7" 0'-7" 0'-8" 0'-9" 0'-9" 0'-11" 1'-0" 0'-11" 1'-1" 1'-3" 1'-2" 1'-5" 1'-7" 1'-5" 1'-8" 2'-0" 1'-8" 2'-0" 2'-4" 2'-3" 2'-9" 3'-4" 3'-0" 3'-8" 4'-5" 3'-10" 4'-9" 5'-5" 5'-11" 6'-10" 7'-6" 7'-2" 8'-2" 9'-0" 8'-4" 9'-7" 10'-6" |
0'-6" 0'-7" 0'-9" 0'-9" 0'-11" 1'-1" 1'-0" 1'-3" 1'-6" 1'-4" 1'-8" 1'-11" 1'-9" 2'-1" 2'-6" 2'-2" 2'-8" 3'-2" 2'-7" 3'-3" 3'-10" 3'-9" 4'-7" 4'-11" 5'-0" 5'-5" 5'-9" 5'-9" 6'-2" 6'-7" 7'-2" 8'-3" 9'-1" 8'-8" 9'-11" 10'-11" 10'-1" 11'-8" 12'-8" |
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| LOAD TABLE: TYPE W-30-4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| BEARING
BAR SIZE |
WEIGHT
LBS. PER SQ. FT. |
SECTION
MOD. PER FT. OF WIDTH |
CROSS
BAR SIZE |
H-20 TRUCK | H-15 TRUCK | H-10 TRUCK | AUTO TRAFFIC | 5 TON FORKLIFT | 3 TON FORKLIFT | 1 TON FORKLIFT |
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| MAXIMUM SAFE SPAN | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 x 1/4 |
6.8 8.3 9.7 8.3 10.1 11.9 9.8 12.0 14.1 11.2 13.8 16.3 12.7 15.6 18.5 14.2 17.4 20.7 15.6 19.3 22.9 18.7 23.4 27.8 21.6 27.1 32.2 24.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||